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Technological Constraints Restraining the Growth of the Global Urban Air Mobility Market

Urban air mobility (UAM) is an ideal form of alternate transportation and is expected to be witnessed not too far off in the future. With the roads becoming increasingly congested in cities, researchers are trying to develop better and enhanced means of daily commute for the population for safe travel. Urban air mobility is something that can serve as an advanced way to commute on a daily basis. With the progress of time and technology, urban air mobility witnessed major advancements.

 From 2015 to 2019, a number of the testing and development on the use cases of urban air mobility has taken place. Urban air mobility use cases (air taxi, air ambulance, airport shuttle, cargo aerial vehicle, and others) are expected to be introduced by 2024-2025 in the market.

 Urban air mobility, as a part of the future urban landscape, can be described as the system that enables on-demand, safe, highly automated, and passenger and cargo-carrying air transportation services in a metropolitan environment for manned aircraft and unmanned aircraft systems.

 According to the market intelligence published by BIS Research, “Global Urban Air Mobility (UAM) Market - Analysis and Forecast, 2023-2035”, the global urban air mobility market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 26.2% during 2023-2035. The market is projected to grow owing to the factors that are driving the market, including increasing use of UAVs in commercial and civil applications, increasing need for efficient transportation and logistics, and increasing environmental concerns and energy impacts.

One of the constraints in the urban air mobility market is  the weight of the battery. This  is one of the reasons hindering the growth of the eVTOL aircraft in the urban air mobility market. The weight of the battery is still an issue for lightweight flying vehicles, as they cannot carry heavy batteries. Effectively, 30% of a flying vehicle’s weight must include the weight of batteries and energy stored. The limited capacity of batteries to support the functioning of eVTOL aircraft for long flight time is obstructing the adoption of eVTOL aircraft. Majorly, the li-ion battery is preferred, and its cost is expected to be $100/kWh-$150/kWh by 2025. Complex software systems for validation and certification is another technological challenge for the growth of the urban air mobility market.

 In addition, the eVTOL aircraft have three types of energy sources, which include battery, electric hybrid, and hydrogen. The electric/battery and electric hybrid together constitute of 97.69% of the total energy sources of eVTOL aircraft. The majority of the eVTOL aircraft manufactured by the companies are electric, with a market share of 71.54% of the total aircraft manufactured.

 The demand for electric hybrid eVTOL aircraft is increasing as they can fly on fossil fuels as well as on batteries. Electric hybrid aircraft holds a market share of 26.15% following electric eVTOL aircraft. Moreover, the eVTOL aircraft use hydrogen to generate electricity for the aircraft, and it holds 2.31% of the total eVTOL energy sources market. The companies that are manufacturing electric/hydrogen eVTOL aircraft are Avianovations, Supervolant, and Urban Aeronautics, Ltd.

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